Từ nối giúp bạn kết nối các ý tưởng và câu khi bạn nói hoặc viết tiếng Anh. Từ nối được sử dụng khi bạn muốn đưa ra ví dụ, liệt kê/ thêm thông tin, tóm tắt, đưa ra lý do hoặc kết quả hoặc để đối chiếu các ý tưởng.
Trong 4 tiêu chí chấm điểm bài IELTS, Coherence và Cohesion chính là tiêu chí chấm điểm mà giám khảo dành cho việc sử dụng một loạt các từ liên kết trong bài luận của bạn- chiếm 25% tổng điểm. Chính vì vậy, bạn cần phải nắm thật kĩ những từ vựng này để áp dụng trong bài thi.
Dưới đây là danh sách các từ nối hay được sử dụng trong bài IELTS Writing và IELTS Speaking:
1.To show a times relationship
First, Second, Third, | Last |
Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, | Lastly, Last but not least, Finally |
Until | Then |
As | First of all |
At first | Before |
As soon as | After |
During | While |
To begin with | At the same time |
Simultaneously | After this / that |
Since | Meanwhile |
Afterwards | Following this |
2.Adding information
In addition | Not only…but also… |
Additionally | As well as |
Furthermore | And |
Moreover | Besides |
Also | Too |
Ví dụ:
- We are concerned not only by the costs, but also by the competition.
- As well as the costs, we are concerned by the competition.
3.Giving example
For example, | For instance, |
such as | In other words, |
as | like |
that is | namely |
To illustrate | To paraphrase |
Ví dụ:
- There are two problems namely, the expense and the time.
- The Amelia Douglas Art Gallery is an interesting place. For instance, one month a year it displays art created by faculty and staff from our college.
4.Results and Consequence
So | Hence |
Therefore | For this/that reason |
As a result/ consequence | So that |
Consequently | In that case |
Because of this/that | Under these circumstance |
Thus | Accordingly |
Ví dụ:
- The company is expanding. Therefore / So / Consequently / As a result, they are taking on extra staff.
5.Highlighting and Stressing
Particularly | Especially |
In particular | Obviously |
Specifically | Clearly |
Ví dụ:
- Some companies, especially those which have fewer employees, may decide to implement their own promotion policies.
6.Concessions and Contrasts
However, | But |
On the contrary, | On the other hand, |
Differ from | Nevertheless |
Although | Though |
Otherwise | Instead |
Alternatively, | Even though |
Despite/ Despite the fact that | Admittedly |
In spite of/ In spite of the fact that | Nevertheless |
By contrast | In comparison |
Nonetheless | Unlike |
Still | Yet |
Regardless |
Ví dụ:
- Although some people would like to have a lot of children, the cost of raising them has to be considered first.
- All in all, despite the fact that there are some interesting programmes, much of the time children spend watching TV would be better spent on other activities.
7.Cause and Reason
Due to / due to the fact that | Because |
Because of | Owing to / owing to the fact that |
Since | As |
As long as |
Ví dụ:
- Because parents are often too lenient at home, discipline in schools is becoming more difficult to enforce.
8.Summarising
In short | In brief |
In summary | To summarise |
In a nutshell | To conclude |
In conclusion | In short |
Ví dụ:
- In conclusion, I believe both the arguments have their merits. On balance, however, it seems that schools should provide young learners with other vital skills helping them develop more comprehensively.
9.Generalizing
Generally, | Generally speaking, |
Overall, | On the whole, |
In general, | By and large, |
It seems to me that | I believe |
All in all, | Basically, |
Essentially, | As a rule, |
All things considered | For the most part |
Ví dụ:
- Generally speaking, getting married is one of the most significant experiences in a person`s life
10.Comparing
Similar to | As…as |
in common | also |
Either…or | In the same way, |
Neither…nor | At the same time |
Just as | resemble |
Ví dụ:
- From my perspective, we are gradually moving towards technology for every kid in the classroom. At the same time I know there are a range of school districts who can’t afford that kind of technology.
11.Expressing condition
If | Whether |
In case | Unless |
Provided that | So that |